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The Hijri calendar, or Islamic calendar, is a system for determining dates
based on the lunar cycle (qamariyyah). It begins with the Hijrah of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) from Mecca to Medina in
622 CE, which marks the starting point of the year count in Islam. The Hijri calendar contains 12 months, namely
Muharram, Safar, Rabi' al-Awwal, Rabi' al-Thani, Jumada al-Ula, Jumada al-Akhirah, Rajab, Sha'ban, Ramadan, Shawwal, Dhu al-Qi'dah and
Dhu al-Hijjah. Each month has 29 or 30 days depending on the sighting of the new moon (rukyah) or astronomical calculation (hisab). This calendar
is used by Muslims to determine times of worship such as fasting in Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha
and the Hajj pilgrimage.
